Review of commercial nuclear fusion projects

Nuclear fusion technologies have re-gained momentum in the last decade thanks to their disruptive potential different fields, such as energy production and space propulsion, new technological developments, especially high temperature superconductor tapes, which allow overcoming previous performance or design limits. To date, reviews of recent nuclear designs are lacking. Therefore, this paper aims at giving a comprehensive overview concepts for industrial applications with focus on private sector. The classified according three leading plasma confinement, namely, magnetic inertial confinement magneto-inertial confinement. working principles main devices described detail highlight strengths weaknesses designs. importance public sector projects is discussed. maturity estimated, criticalities each project identified. Finally, geographical distribution companies (or institutions) pursuing commercial reported.